Topics Covered

Review of vector analysis. (a) Electrostatics: Coulomb's law, force, electric field intensity, electrical flux density. Gauss's theorem with application, Electrostatic potential, boundary conditions, method of images, Laplace's and Poisson's equations, energy of an electrostatic system, conductor and dielectrics. (b) Magnetostatics: Concepts of magnetic field, Ampere's law, Bio-Savart law, vector magnetic potential, energy of magnetostatic system, Mechanical forces and torques in Electric and Magnetic fields. Curvilinear co-ordinates, rectangular, cylindrical and spherical coordinates, solutions to static field problems. Graphical field mapping with applications, solution to Laplace equations, rectangular, cylindrical and spherical harmonics with applications. Maxwell's equations: Their derivatives, continuity of charges, concepts of displacement currents. Boundary conditions for time varying systems. Potentials used with varying charges and currents. Retarded potentials. Maxwell's equations in different coordinate systems. Relation between circuit theory and field theory: Circuit concepts and derivations from the field equations. High frequency circuit concepts, circuit radiation resistance. Skin effect and circuit impedance. Concept of good and perfect conductors and dielectrics. Current distribution in various types of conductors, depth of penetration, internal impedance, power loss, calculation of inductance and capacitance. Propagation and reflection of electromagnetic waves in unbounded media: plane wave propagation, polarization, power flow and Poynting's theorem. Transmission line analogy, reflection from conducting and dielectric boundary display lines ion in dielectrics, liquids and solids, plane wave propagation through the ionosphere. Introduction to radiation.  Static electric field: Postulates of electrostatics, Coulombs law for discrete and continuously distributed charges, Gausss law and its application, electric potential due to charge distribution, conductors and dielectrics in static electric field, flux density-  boundary conditions; capacitance-  electrostatic energy and forces, energy in terms of field equations, capacitance calculation of different geometries; boundary value problems-Poissons and Laplaces equations in different co-ordinate systems. Steady electric current: Ohms law, continuity equation, Joules law, resistance calculation. Static Magnetic field: Postulates of magnetostatics, Biot-Savarts law, Amperes law and applications, vector magnetic potential, magnetic dipole, magnetization, magnetic field intensity and relative permeability, boundary conditions for magnetic field, magnetic energy, magnetic forces, torque and inductance of different geometries. Time varying fields and Maxwells equations: Faradays law of electromagnetic induction, Maxwells equations  -  differential and integral forms, boundary conditions, potential functions; time harmonic fields and Poynting theorem. Plane electromagnetic wave: plane wave in loss less media- Doppler effect, transverse electromagnetic wave, polarization of plane wave; plane wave in lossy media-  low-loss dielectrics, good conductors; group velocity, instantaneous and average power densities, normal and oblique incidence of plane waves at plane boundaries for different polarization.